Muenstereifel
General information: First Jewish presence: 14th century; peak Jewish population: 133 in 1868; Jewish population in 1933: 65
Summary: The Jews of Muenstereifel were recognized as a fully
independent community in 1919, prior to which (after
1847), as a semi-independent community, Muenstereifel had
been part of the regional Jewish community of Rheinbach.
Records from 1468 tell us that the Jews of Muenstereifel
conducted burials in the regional cemetery. In 1660, a prayer hall
was established at 17, Orchheimerstrasse. Much later, in 1877,
a local Jew purchased that house and demanded rent from those
who frequented the prayer hall; most refused to pay, and a new
prayer hall was opened at 41 Stumpfgasse. In 1880, however,
the community purchased the Orchheimerstrasse house and
established a synagogue there: the building accommodated 36
seats for men, 29 for women, a Jewish school and a teacher’s
apartment. Two ritual baths existed in private residences.
We also know that the community maintained a Jewish
school intermittently between 1824 and 1875, after which a
teacher of religion—he also served as chazzan and shochet—
instructed children in religion. Muenstereifel’s modern
Jewish cemetery, officially consecrated in 1823, was enlarged
in 1876 and again in 1930.
In 1933, five schoolchildren received religious instruction.
Two chevra kadisha organizations (one for men, the other for
women) were active in the community, with which the Jews
of Arloff and Kirspenich were affiliated.
On Pogrom Night, the interior of the Muenstereifel
synagogue was destroyed. Jewish homes and businesses were
vandalized, the cemetery was desecrated and one Jew was
assaulted. The synagogue building was sold in 1939.
Fifteen Muenstereifel Jews emigrated and others relocated
within Germany. The 15 Jews who still lived there in 1941 were sent to a nearby camp from which they were deported to
the East in 1942. At least 57 local Jews perished in the Shoah.
The Jewish cemetery, renovated between the years 1946
and 1961, contains a memorial plaque; the cemetery was
desecrated in 1971. Muenstereifel’s former synagogue was
demolished in 1970; a commemorative plaque has been
unveiled at the site.
Author / Sources: Nurit Borut
Sources: EJL, FJG, HZER, DGJLN
Sources: EJL, FJG, HZER, DGJLN
Located in: north-rhine-westphalia